John Stuart Mill (1806 - 1873) was a great liberal thinker of the nineteenth century, a noted philosopher, political theorist, and Member of Parliament. Mill was given a disciplined upbringing, his father deliberately shielding him from other children with the express aim of creating a philosophical genius to carry the mantle of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by Jeremy Bentham and in which Mill went on to develop his own conception. The pressure of his intensive study affected Mill's mental health and he had a nervous breakdown at twenty. As Mill writes in chapter five of his autobiography, this was triggered by the huge physical and mental strain of his studies suppressing his natural childhood feelings.
The concept of socialism has gotten a lot of negative press in recent years, but few of those who throw this term around with impunity have a keen understanding of what it actually means. In this volume, renowned political philosopher John Stuart Mill provides an overview and critique of socialism. A must-read for anyone who wants to get to the bottom of today's most heated political debates.
The classic liberal philosopher of nineteenth century England, John Stuart Mill, used Considerations on Representative Government to call for reforms to Parliament and voting, calling for proportional representation, the Single Transferable Vote, and the extension of suffrage. Mill was a renowned political theorist and economist, a Member of Parliament, and one of the greatest advocates utilitarianism.
At the time it was published in 1859, John Stuart Mill's On Liberty was a radical and controversial work; it argued for the right of individuals to possess freedom from the state in moral and economic matters. Mill declares that "Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign", contrasting this with the "tyranny of the majority." He states that an individual can do anything they like as long as it doesn't harm another - the well-known "harm principle". On Liberty had a huge impact and has remained a relevant philosophical and political text today.
John Stuart Mill's 1869 essay The Subjection of Women argues for equality between the sexes, putting forward ideas that were an affront to many at the time. His wife, Harriet Taylor Mill, is credited with co-authoring the essay. The Subjection of Women puts forward a detailed and passionate opposition to the social and legal inequalities imposed on women by society. Mill saw that he was going against the grain of the time, but argued that such inequality was a past relic from a time when might equaled right and that it had no place in the modern world. Inequality between the sexes limited human development as it made half of humanity unable to contribute to society outside of their own homes.
Inhalt: Die verhängnisvolle Neigung der Menschen über etwas, was nicht mehr zweifelhaft ist, nicht länger nachzudenken, ist die Ursache der Hälfte aller Irrtümer." JOHN STUART MILLSpätestens seit dem Arabischen Frühling wird dem durchaus komplexen Freiheitsbegriff wieder intensive Beachtung geschenkt. John Stuart Mill differenziert und erläutert bereits im 19. Jahrhundert überraschend zeitgemäß die unzähligen Ebenen, die den Terminus der Freiheit ausmachen. Er konfrontiert den Mikrokosmos des Einzelnen mit dem Makrokosmos eines Volkes. Mill erläutert in "Über die Freiheit" unter anderem wie sehr Pressefreiheit, Bildung einer öffentlichen Meinung, die Freiheit des Einzelnen und eines Volkes sowie Rechte und Pflichten eines Herrschers zusammenhängen. So stellt er sich der Frage, inwiefern von einem Herrscher oder Lehrer fraglos übernommene (öffentliche) Meinungen noch freie und vor allem wahre Meinungen sind. Ausführlich widmet Mill sich auch der Freiheitseinschränkung innerhalb einer Gesellschaft, sei es der Festlegung von Warenpreisen, staatliches Erschweren der Drogenein- und ausfuhr sowie der Giftherstellung oder der Besteuerung alkoholischer Getränke. Gleichermaßen setzt er sich mit religiöser und kultureller Verfolgung auseinander. Auch seine Überlegungen und Reformansätze zu ethisch-moralischen Problematiken wie der Verhinderung eines Verbrechens, der Prävention von Gewaltexzessen aus Trunkenheit, dem Einschreiten des Staates in die Kindererziehung und -bildung oder die Frage nach sozialer Ungerechtigkeit sind von bissiger Aktualität. Schlagworte: Q Philosophie und Religion, QD Philosophie, QDT Themen der Philosophie, QDTS Soziale und politische Philosophie Umfang: 160 S. ISBN: 978-3-8438-0439-4
Utilitarianism is philosopher John Stuart Mill's defense and advocacy of utilitarian ethics. First appearing in three magazine articles, this essay was first gathered into a single book in 1863. While Mill discusses utilitarian ethical principles in some of his other writings such as On Liberty and The Subjection of Women, Utilitarianism is Mill's only major discussion of the theory's fundamental grounds.
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